Histomorphometric Analysis of Gingival Components in Different Stages of Periodontitis

Authors

1 Teaching Assistant of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, AlSalam University

2 Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Misr International University

3 Professor of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University

4 Lecturer of Oral and Dental Biology Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University.

Abstract

Purpose: In order to assess the level of tissue degeneration, this study aimed to measure the gingival tissue components in biopsies from individuals who had different clinical stages of periodontal disease. Subjects and Methods: 15 adult participant biopsies made up the study group. Twelve different periodontal patients were divided into four groups based on the four stages of periodontitis identified by Papapanou (2018). Patients’ gingiva was sampled during surgical periodontal procedures such as crown lengthening and open flap debridement. Results: Epithelial thickness increased when non-specific chronic inflammatory diseases developed. Within groups, there were statistically significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in blood vessel density and the number of inflammatory cells and this matched different histopathologic staging. A correlation between the histological description and the clinical diagnosis was also found. Conclusion: The histology and histomorphometry of gingival tissue changed in accordance with the degree of tissue degradation.

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